2011年08月 30-6 家族治療的文化脈絡與靈性議題:家暴的困境、轉變與反思

賈紅鶯
東華大學美崙校區諮商與臨床心理學系


本研究經由一家暴家庭十三次家族治療,探討其中的文化脈絡與靈性議題。研究者經由錄影、謄錄逐字稿後進行對話分析。家暴困境包括被暴力控制的婚姻與手足關係、受暴婦女走不出的害怕與無助因應、受暴的繼親孩子等;反映父權文化對家暴的合理化、社會對單親母親的歧見、宗教信仰對婚姻的規範、單親的經濟壓力與家暴、貧窮、犯罪等社會脈絡的關聯。家暴家庭的轉變包括,婚暴關係的轉變、親子關係的轉變、手足關係的轉變等家庭系統與關係的改變。家暴家庭反映出「父權」、「為母則強」以及「以和為貴」文化的交織、家暴改變緣於治療師對受暴婦女不離開暴力丈夫的文化理解、對自身與受暴婦女文化差異的反思、體認受暴婦女對暴力的恐懼、協助受暴婦女「解構」被暴力控制的無助,探討如何在不離家情況下,但離開暴力。治療師同時與受暴婦女基督信仰的靈性資源對話,探討教會帶給受暴婦女在人際壓力、與不能離婚的靈性掙扎。治療者面對靈性議題的處遇為自身信仰態度的適切開放、靈性知識的對話,與教會資源的合作,個案最終能超越「教會」而回到「神」的眼光對其處境的接納。研究者據此指出文化脈絡與靈性議題在家族治療實務與訓練的重要性。

關鍵字
文化脈絡、家族治療、家暴、靈性

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