2009年09月 26-4 伴隨與未伴隨品行問題之ADHD 兒童的反社會型態比較

吳依璇 林玉華
羅東聖母醫院身心科 輔仁大學醫學院臨床心理學系

注意力缺失/過動疾患(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,簡稱ADHD)與伴隨品行問題(conduct problems,簡稱CP)之ADHD兒童的外顯行為相似,皆會出現攻擊、違抗等反社會行為,因此鑑別診斷經常面臨相當大的困難。是故,本研究之目的即為探究ADHD及ADHD/CP共發兒童於反社會型態中的區辨性特徵,以期提供臨床實務另一鑑別診斷之參考。回顧ADHD與ADHD/CP共發的反社會行為之相關文獻後,本研究採「攻擊」、「道德感」及「對動物殘忍」三特質作為ADHD與ADHD/CP共發兒童的區辨特徵。本研究於北部地區招募25 位ADHD-only組國小兒童(平均年齡8.82 歲),22 位ADHD+CP組國小兒童(平均年齡8.88 歲),採用投射測驗「Tell-Me-AStory
」評估受試者之攻擊與道德感特質,及「兒童與動物量表(Children and Animals Inventory)」瞭解受試者對動物殘忍行為之訊息。
研究結果顯示,ADHD-only組與ADHD+CP組兩組兒童之攻擊特質、道德感、對動物殘忍行為皆達顯著差異,證實此三項特質可作為伴隨與未伴隨CP之ADHD兒童的重要區辨特徵;此結果亦隱含在攻擊兒童群體中,ADHD+CP兒童之心理病理發展可能為一獨立、特殊之建構。未來研究建議增加受試人數和組別,並進一步探究反社會型態之核心區辨特徵。

關鍵字
攻擊、注意力缺失/過動疾患、品行問題、道德感、對動物殘忍

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