2017年08月 49-2 獨樂樂不如眾樂樂:人際關係是影響樂觀解釋風格與幸福感間關係的中介角色

黎佩欣  朱玲慧 余民寧
國立政治大學教育學系

近年來,國小學童的心理健康與幸福感日益受到大眾的重視,國內相關研究仍有待發展;過去研究發現,個人樂觀與否會影響看待事物的方式,而對於幸福感受亦具有預測力,然而,國小學童身處於家庭與學校環境中,與重要他人和同儕的人際關係對個人的影響亦不容忽視。因此,本研究目的在探究國小學童的樂觀解釋風格對幸福感的影響,以及人際關係是否能在樂觀解釋風格與幸福感之間扮演中介角色。本研究的研究對象是北區五所國小共 1322 位六年級的學生,資料乃從對國小學生進行的五波縱貫性研究中,抽取 2012 年蒐集的第五波資料進行分析。本研究採用結構方程式模型(SEM)探討研究變項之間的關係。研究結果發現:(1)國小學生的樂觀解釋風格與人際關係具有顯著正向的關係;(2)國小學生的人際關係與幸福感之間具有顯著正向的關係;(3)國小學生的人際關係在解釋風格與幸福感之間扮演完全中介的角色。由研究結果可知,在提昇國小學生的幸福感上,人際關係扮演了重要角色。最後,依據分析結果,研究建議老師及家長給予學生正向支持,並關注學生在校與同儕之間的人際關係,將有助於提昇學生的幸福感受。

關鍵字
人際關係、中介變項、幸福感、樂觀解釋風格

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