2004年9月 16-3 臺灣人愛情風格之分析研究

卓紋君
國立高雄師範大學輔導研究所
 
近四十年來,西方愛情的研究開始發展,並且逐漸受到學者的重視。許多愛情的理論與測量工具紛紛出籠。而反觀圈內,研究愛情的文獻報告多半借用西方的理論與量表來探討國人的兩性關係式行為。本研究旨在發展屬於臺灣人的愛情量表,並探討愛情風格與一些個人特質變項的關聯,藉此按測量表的效度,並增加對愛情現象的了解。
本研究先訪問一百位一般民眾的愛情經驗,以內容分析找出反映國人在愛情關係上所表現的情感、想法與行為的敘述,以為本土愛情量表的基礎﹔並且融合目前一些有關愛情的量表題目,發展出原始的愛情問卷一百六十題。本研究的進行首先針對一千八百四十七名樣本,施以愛情問卷調查﹔經主成份因素分析後,得到八種愛情風格,分別為:犧牲奉獻型、執著佔有型悲觀保留型、真情投入型、游移手段型、肉體感官型、婚姻目的型、與浪漫表達型﹔可解釋之變其量為36.5% 。正式的愛情量表精簡成80 題。其次再調查七百六十七名樣本,針對八種愛情風格及其性別、性別角色、個人傳統性與現代性、關係品質以及西方的六種愛情風格做t﹒考驗、變異數分析或相關統計。分析結果顯示:針對性別方面,男性在犧牲奉獻型、真情投入型、游移手段型、肉體感官型等四種愛情風格的平均得分顯著高於女性﹔而女性僅在悲觀保留型的平均得分顯著高於男性。至於性別角色方面,女性化者在執著佔有型的平均得分上顯著地稍高於兩性化者,其餘未見顯著不同。最後針對上述七百六十七名樣本中的三百一十位再做調查,為愛情量表建立重測信
度。研究顯示:愛情風格量表的信度與效度尚稱滿意,後績的相關研究應更可拓展國人對愛情內涵的深入了解。

關鍵字
愛情、愛情風格、個人現代性、個人傳統性、性別差異、性別角色、 關係滿意度

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