2000年12月 8-5 同儕輔導方案效果研究:以彰化高中爲例

夏允中、張淑慧
建國技術學院共同科講師
中原大學心理系副教授

彰化高中畢業校友於民國八十年七月開始,每年寒暑假返校擔任同儕輔導員,輔導學生處理困擾問題,至今已邁入第九年,本研究主要目的在於探討此一輔導模式的效果。選取三項效果來研究,即:同儕輔導員訓練效果(效果指標為同理心、輔導知能、個人需求及自我成長)、班級同儕輔導效果(效果指標為班級同儕輔導效果)、新生同儕輔導效果(效果指標為新生同儕輔導效果)。研究工具包括「同理心量表」、「輔導知能測驗」、「大專學生個人需求量表」、「自我成長問卷」、「班級同儕輔導效果問卷」、「新生同儕輔導效果問卷J 。以同儕輔導員45人與彰化高中全校學生的2700人為研究對象。本研究主要結論摘要如下:
同f齊輔導員的訓練效果:同儕輔導員訓練有正向結果。實驗組同儕輔導員在接受同儕輔導員訓練後,其同理心技巧、輔導知能優於控制組,其在十二項個人需求量表上,有三項需求與控制組達顯著不同,分別是較低的卑遜性、較高的成就性與支配性需求。在個人成長方面,同儕輔導員認為同儕輔導歷程使自己有正向的收獲,更具信心、勇於面對問題與樂於助人等。
班級同儕輔導的效果:需求調全部份:學生希望同儕輔導員給予的協助是學業輔導、生涯輔導。中測部份:學生認為同儕輔導員對班級讀書風氣、班級向心力有正面的影響。後測部份:學生有九成對同儕輔導員表示滿意,超過七成以上認為同儕輔導有助於凝聚班級向心力與提昇讀書風氣。同儕輔導員對學生的最大幫助在於學業指導與生涯輔導。
新生同儕輔導的效果:新生超過八成喜歡同儕輔導員所舉辦動態的活動。新生中有98% 滿意同儕輔導員的表現, 93% 滿意新生訓練活動。新生的收獲為認識與適應環境,更清楚進高中的目的與目標。

關鍵字
同儕輔導、同儕輔導計劃、高中生

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