1993年12月 1-2 兒童敵意、A型人格和身心適應

林一真
國立陽明醫學院學生輔導中心

本研究以台北市共835位國小高年級學生為對象,由48位級任老師,12位科任老師及935位家長擔任評定者,以「兒童敵意量表」、「兒童A型量表」、「同儕提名量表」、「緊張表情與動作觀察表」及「生理徵狀問卷」為工具,探討兒童敵意、A型人格和身心適應的關係。
研究結果顯示:兒童敵意行為與A類行為與兒童自我察覺的生理徵狀有顯著關係。由學生本身、家長、級任老師評定及同儕所提名的敵意和A類行為可稱一致;教師和家長對兒童敵意及A類行為組型的評定與對兒童緊張談話風格及動作的觀察有關,教師所評定的兒童「努力競爭與成就」與學業成績和「校園生活成功經驗」呈正相關,教師評定的兒童「肢體攻擊」、「言語敵意」、「負向態度」及「憎恨」與學業成績呈負相關。學生在本量表所自我陳述的敵意行為與學生成績呈負相關,但是其數值不高,且依學校、班級及科目而有不同。

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