2007年09月 22-5 精神分析取向心理治療與詮釋現象學的辯證關係：精神分析臨床研究的困境與解決
| 洪雅琴 | 李維倫 |
| 南亞技術學院 通識教育中心 |
國立東華大學 臨床與諮商心理學系 |
本文論述精神分析臨床研究的困境，並借助詮釋現象學取徑，為精神分析準備一個有別於直接訴諸臨床經驗的知識方法。精神分析的理論歸納無法達到實證主義對於可驗證性與推論的要求，使得精神分析在科學界的地位備受質疑。同時，由於精神分析的實踐知識屬性，也讓實證檢證工作格外困難。為了避免精神分析理論被詬病為「套套邏輯」’本文嘗試透過詮釋現象學方法的迂迴’來達成對精神分析理論的檢查與討論。本文認為精神分析的語言學特徵提供了其與詮釋現象學的接合點。作法上則是，先把精神分析理論放入括弧內，透過詮釋現象學的操作，繞道於文本分析，以檢視精神分析理論所指向的現象結構。
在實徵討論上，本文將以「相互構成」作為精神分析和現象學之間相互勾連的橋樑。精神分析的「投射認同」與現象學的「相互構成」都是談人和他者共同構成某種關係只是現象學的「相互構成」對人內在的東西存而不論。本文最後也會交待精神分析臨床研究中，研究者兼任治療師的雙重角色問題，釐清研究者如何掌握其角色定位的關鍵與原則，以避免落入「套套邏輯」的研究窘境。
關鍵字
投射認同、相互構成、詮釋現象學、精神分析
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