2007年09月 22-6 自殺者遺族悲傷調適之任務─危機模式初步建構
本研究旨在建構自殺者遺族悲傷調迪之模式,採用質性研究,以立意取樣11 位自殺者遺族為研究對象,半結構訪談的方法收集資料。分析的方法參考Colaizzi ( 1978 )的七個步驟,並使用ATLAS .ti 5.0 套裝軟體進行資料分析,研究已通過人體試驗委員會( IRB )的審查。結果發現自殺者遺族生理、感覺、認知與行為方面的悲傷反應,可以發現整體悲傷反應的特徵’色合:震驚、困惑、憤怒與罪惡感、懷抱悲傷、無意義、織默。上述特徵可能進一步形成壓抑、尋找、怪罪、憂鬱、絕望、孤獨的危機。由遺族採取的身體、心理、靈性與社會的悲傷調過,可以發現調適的目標以建構悲傷任務,包含:表達悲傷、放下困惑、同理逝者、告別逝者、創造意義、祝福逝者。本研究嘗試以任務論初步建構的自殺者遺族悲傷調迪之模式,包含以下六個由「任務─危機」組成的主題:表達─壓抑、放手─尋找、同理─怪罪、告別─憂鬱、超越─絕望、祝福─孤獨。此模式可以幫助自殺者遺族與實務工作者暸解尚有可努力的事,而且悲傷可以到達一個讓人滿意的狀態,能幫助找到著力點。 關鍵字 參考書目 自殺遺孤編輯委員會(2004)。說不出是自殺。台北 : 先覺出版社。 行政院衛生署(2006)。死因統計結果簡要分析。台北:行政院衛生署。 呂蕙美(2005)。自殺遺族悲傷反應及調適之研究。東海大學社會工作學系碩士論文,未出版,台中。 李佩怡(2000)。悲傷之自我調適與基本助人技巧。載於林綺雲(主編),生死學 (349-359頁)。台北: 洪葉。 李佳容(2001)。個人面對親人死亡事件心理復原歷程之研究。彰化師範大學輔導與諮商所碩士論文,未出版,彰化。 林家瑩(1998)。喪失子女的父母失落與悲傷反應及復原歷程之研究。國立高雄師範大學輔導與諮商研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄。 侯南隆(2000)。我不是壞小孩一喪親少年的生命故事與偏差行為。南華大學生 死學研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義。陳琴富譯(1999)。假如我死時你不在我身邊。台北: 張老師文化。Longaker, C. (1997). 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