1994年12月 2-1諮商員自我認知對諮商關係暨諮商行為影響之研究
| 廖鳳池 |
| 國立台南師範學院初等教育系 |
本研究的目的在以實徵性的方法，探討諮商員的自我認知對諮商關係及諮商行為之影響。研究對象為十名專業諮商員，分別和四位經過訓練的來談者各進行一次三十五至四十分鍾的模擬諮商，合計錄製四十卷諮商錄影帶，據以對諮商歷程進行檢核。本研究的研究工具包括：諮商員自我認知評量表、諮商互動檢核表、諮商意圖檢核表、諮商員口語反應型式分類系統、諮商策略評定量表及唔談感受評量問卷等六項。其中諮商員自我認知評量表係研究者參考Markus(1977)的自我基模理論所編製，該評量表具有良好的信效度，可測得諮商員對於「一般自我」、「人際自我」及「晤談中自我」三個層面的自我認知，並且可以有效區別專業諮商員、半專業諮商員及其它專業人員。諮商歷程變項則分別由諮商員、來談者及三位客觀的評分員進行評定或檢核。本研究之研究結果如下：(1) 諮商員的「一般自我」認知和其運用各類「口語反應型式」的次數及其所運用的「諮商策略」有關；(2) 諮商員的「人際自我」認知和「諮商關係」、運用各類「諮商意圖」的次數及運用各類「口語反應型式」的次數有關；(3)諮商員的「晤談中自我」認知和其所運用的「諮商策略」有關；(4)來談者的「晤談感受」和諮商員「一般自我」、「人際自我」及「晤談中自我」三方面的認知間的相關均不顯著，但和「諮商開係」及「諮商策略」兩項歷程變項間則有顯著的相關。本研究的結果顯示：諮商員自我認知中的「人際自我」認知可能係透過「諮商闖係」的中介，影響來談者的「晤談感受」，而自我認知中的「一般自我」及「晤談中自我』的認知則可能係透過「諮商策略」的中介，影響來談者的「晤談感受」。本研究除了有效解答了諮商心理學界極待解決的課題，研究結果在諮商員教育訓練應用及進一步研究方面亦極具價值。
關鍵字
口語反應型式、自我認知 、 晤談感受、諮商策略、諮商意圖、諮商關係
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