2018年10月 53-1 反思含攝文化下的 Bowen理論及其運用在華人文化中

李岳庭
國立台南大學諮商與輔導學系

本研究在探索西方文化發展下的Bowen家族治療理論如何含攝到華人文化中,其中介紹Bowen家族治療
理論的哲學觀及其焦慮與自我分化的基本概念。接著探討國內對Bowen理論相關研究,並根據研究後
的反思,在含攝文化下對此理論提出建議。其中論及關係中的焦慮是普世的概念,但自我分化卻不
是,因此在華人文化治療中應將降低焦慮為處遇的方向,並不一定著重於提升個體的自我分化程度。
其次個體的分化程度,在本土文化中並不能完全推論其建立關係的運作好壞。分化程度為個體差異的
參考,不是失功能的判定。重新建構本土化之自我分化量表,基於分化的理論要義,以本土化的語言
建立量表問句,並建立本土分化常模,以呈現集體社會文化下個體分化程度的樣貌。最後西方個人主
義下所建構之Bowen理論含攝到集體主義的華人文化中,需要再多走一里路,除了照顧好自己的焦慮
外,也要照顧好他人的焦慮,特別在孝道的文化中,要協助照顧父母的情緒,以符合本土文化中孝道
的倫理。最後筆者建議,家族治療理論的進展,應該開始發展以儒、釋及道三家本土文化為基礎,建
構本土的家族治療理論,以符合本土文化的需求。

關鍵字
Bowen家族治療理論、自我分化、含攝文化、家族治療

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