黃世琤教授 Professor Shih-Tseng Tina Huang

The purpose of this research is to explore whether psychological well-being would be different by single types and level of social support for never-married. According to Stein ’ s typology, singles are classified into ambivalents, resolved, wishfuls and regretfuls. In addiction those who currently has boyfriend or girlfriendgrouped as paired. Single Preference Index, Social Support questionnaire (SSQ), and Psychological Well-being Scale are employed, and two hundred forty-seven people participated in this research. The results of this research were as following:
1.Among the six dimensions of Psychological Well-being Scale, males only scored higher than females in the dimensions of Purpose in Life. Singles in theage between 32 to 36 scored higher than those in the age between 27 to 31 in the dimensions of Self-Acceptance, Autonomy, and Purpose in Life.
2.There is significant interaction effect among the number of family support, single types and psychological well-being of singles in the dimensions ofAutonomy, Environment Mastery, Personal Growth and Positive Relations with Others. Those who more family support are better than those who had less in theabove four dimensions. However, the influence of the number of family supportis greatest regretfuls, followed by paired and resolved and least is wishfuls. Furthermore, there is significant main effect of the number of family support on the dimensions Self-Acceptance and Purpose in Life.
3.There is no interaction effect among number of friend support, extent of
satisfaction with family support, and extent of satisfaction with friend support. Respectively with single types and psychological well-being. For the number of family support main effect on Self-Acceptance, Personal Growth and Purpose in Life. For the main effect of extent of satisfaction with family support onenvironment Mastery. For the main effect of extent of satisfaction with friendsupport on Personal Growth. Finally, for the single types main effect on Autonomy, Positive Relations with Others and Personal Growth.
Discussions of the results and suggestions in this research.

Keywords
never-married, life adjustment, life satisfaction, psychological well-being, single types, singlehood, social support

Reference
內政部編（民70 ）。中華民國台閩地區人口統計。內政部。
內政部編（民75 ）。中華民國台聞地區人口統計。內政部。
內政部編（民的）。中華民國台閩地區人口統計。內政部。
吳靜吉（民75 ）。寂寞、害羞與愛。台北：遠流。中華輔導學報第六期
邵麗芳（民77 ）。單身生活意識一單身與一般社會大眾之比較研究。私立中國文化大學家政研究所碩士論文。
陳斐娟（民78 ）。單親婦女的壓力、社會支持、親子關係之相關研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文。
郭素蓉（民的）。社會網絡在離婚男性生活滿意狀況申的角色。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文。
張治遙（民78 ）。大學生內外控信念、社會支持與學習倦怠的相關研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文。
陽琪、陽碗譯（民84 ）。婚姻與家庭。台北：桂冠。
黃慧真譯（民的）。發展心理學：人類發展。（ Papal 悶，D且＆ Olds,S.W., 1992著）。台北：桂冠。
彭懷真（民85 ）。婚姻與家庭。台北：巨流。
楊茹憶（民的）。未婚單身女性生活適應研究。國立台灣大學社會學研究所碩士論文。
楊美慧（民80 ）。單身女性之婚姻觀一現象學方法的研究。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文。
謝佩珊（民84 ）。國中未婚女教師婚姻態度及生活適應之研究。國立台灣師範大學家政教育研究所碩士論文。
Cockrum, J. & White, P. (1985). Influence in the life satisfaction of never-married men and women. Family Relαtions, 34, 551-556.
Dalton, S. T. (1992). Lived experience of never-married women. Issues in Mental Health Nursing，13， 69-80 .
Gleen, N. D. & Weaver, L.N. (1988). The changing relationship of marital status to reported happiness. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50, 317-324.
Goldberg, G. S., Kantrow, R., Kremen, E., & Lauter， L. (1986). Spouseless, childless elderly women and their social support. Social Work, 31, 104-112.
Gove， W. R., Style, L. B., & Hughes, M. (1990). The effect of marriage on the wellbeing of adults. Journal of Family Issues, 11, 4-35.
Hortiwz, A.V., White, H .R., & Howell-White, S. (1996). Becoming married and mental health: A longitudinal study of a cohort of young adults. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58, 895-907.
Johnson, L.L. & Catalano, DJ (1981). Childless elderly and their family supports. Gerontologist, 21, 610-618.
Johnston, M.W. & Eklund, S.J. (1984). Life-adjustment of the never-married: A review with implication for counseling. Journal of Counseling and Development, 63, 230-236.
Lasswell, M & Lasswell, T. (1987). Marriage and the Family. Belmont， CA.: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
Lee, G. R., Seccombe, K., & Shehan, C. L. (1991). Marital status and personal happiness: An analysis of trend data. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 8839-8844.
Marks, N. ( 1996). Flying solo at midlife : Gender, marital status, and psychological well-being. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58, 917-932.
Mastekaasa, A. ( 1993). Marital status and subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 29, 249-276.
Nadelson, C.C. & Notman, M.T. ( 1981 ). To marry or not to ma叮y: A choice. American Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 1352-1356.
O'brien, M. ( 1991 ). Never married older women: The life experience. Social Indicators Research, 24, 301-315.
Rice, S ( 1989). Single, older childless women: Differences between never-married and widowed women in life satisfaction and social support. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 13, 35-47.
Ross, C. E. (1995) . Reconceptualizing marital status as a continuum of social attachment. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 57, 129-140.
Rubinstein, R. L. (1987). Never married elderly as a social type: Re-evaluating some images. Gerontologist, 27, 108-113.
Ryff， C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081.
Sarason, I. G， Levine, H. M., Basham, R.B., & Sarason B. R. (1983). Assessing social support: The social support questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 127-139.
Saxton, L. (1990). The Individual, Marriage, and the Family (7th Ed). Belmont， C.A . : Wadsworth Publishing Company.
Seccombe, R.& Ishii-Kuntz, M. (1994). Gender and social relationships among the never-married. Sex Role, 30, 585-603.
Shostak, A. B. (1987). Singlehood. In M. B. Sussman & S. K. Steinmetz (Eds) Handbook of Marriage and the Family. ( pp. 355-367 ) N.Y: Plenum Press.
Spreitzer, E. & Riley, C. (1974). Factors associated with singlehood. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 36, 533-542.
Stein, P. J. (1981). Single life: unmarried adults in social context. N.Y : St.Martin’s Press. Stull, D. E. & Scarisbrick-Hauser， A . (1989). Never-married elderly: A reassessment with implications for long-term care policy. Research on Aging, 11, 124-139.
Vega, W. A., Kolody， B., & Valle, J.R. (1986). The relationship of marital status, confidant support , and depression among Mexican immigrant women. Journal of Mαrriage and the Family, 48, 597-605.
Ward, R.A (1979). The never-married in later life. Journal of Gerontology, 34, 861-869.