6-7 A study of divorced-family adolescents' life adjustment in Tainan

The purpose of this study was to understand the adjustment of adolescents from divorced families and the relative factors affecting adjustment. For purpose of thestudy qualitative research was used. Eight divorced-family adolescents from junior high school of Tainan were interviewed.
The findings of interview were as follows:
1.In the divorced families, female adolescents had better adjustment than male 
ones.
2.The adjustment of 
divorced-family adolescents was not affected by custodial 
parents’ sex.
3.The adjustment of divorced-family adolescents was not affected by their 
parents’ divorced time.
4.The adjustment of divorced-family adolescents was aected neither by custodial 
parents’ sex nor by their sex.
5.Adolescents from divorced families would evaluate parents’ divorce events 
objectively and improve their adjustment with times going by.
6.Interpersonal adjustment was not so associated with family factors in divorced 
families .
7.In divorced families, custodial parent’s parenting were good for adolescents' learning adjustment.
8. Economic pressure and family conflict were more popular
 in divorced families.

Keywords
life adjustment、divorced-family adolescents、interview

Reference
王沂釗(民83):家庭結構、家庭關係及青少年生活適應之分析研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文(未出版) 。
方慧民(民74):離婚因素、親子關係及學童之適應。國立台灣大學心理學研究所碩士論文(未出版)。
行政院(民86a):中華民國台灣地區青少年狀況調查報告。台北:行政院。
行政院(民86b):台聞地區人口統計報告。台北:行政院。
吳永裕(民85): 單親兒童之親子關係行為困擾與學習適應研究。國立台北師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文(未出版) 。
周孟香(民77):離婚家庭關係與學齡子女行為困擾相關及研究。私立東吳大學社會學研究所碩士論文(未出版)。
邱德才(民81 ):台中市國民中學單親家庭學生親子關係與生活適應之研究。學生輔導通訊,23, 35-44 。
林顯宗(民74):家庭社會學。台北:五南。
徐良熙、林忠正(民73 ):家庭結構與社會變遷:中美單親家庭之比較。中國社會學刊,8,1-22 。
陳怡冰(民81 ):親子關係與兒童社會技巧之相關一單、雙親家庭之比較研究。學生輔導通訊, 23 ,45-53。
張金圓(民79):國小單親兒童的行為困擾、生活適應與成就動機之調查研究。輔導月刊,26,34-54。
黃德祥(民71 ):父母離婚兒童之自我觀念、焦慮反應、學業成就及團體諮商效果之研究。國立台灣師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文(未出版) 。
楊俊媛(民84 ): 國小單、雙親之學校適應與其「個人特質上「家庭特性」之關係研究。國立新竹師範學院初等教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。
劉永元(民77 ):單親兒童與正常家庭兒童人際關係、行為困擅及自我觀念之比較研究。國立高雄師範學院教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。
鄭玉雷(民79):家庭結構與學齡兒童學業成就之研究一單親家庭與雙親家庭之比較。中國文化大學家政研究所碩士論文(未出版)。
鄭秋紅(民82):單親家庭國中生親子互動關係、自我尊重、社會支持與寂寞感之研究。中國文化大學家政研究所碩士論文(未出版)。
繆敏志(民79):單親兒童學業成就、人格適應及其相關因素之研究。國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文(未出版) 。
簡茂發、蔡玉瑟、張鎮城(民82):國小單親兒童與雙親兒童生活適應之比較研究。中國測驗學會測驗年刊,40輯, 271-290。
藍采風(民85):蝠姻與家庭。台北:幼獅文化。
Allison, P. D., & Furstenberg, F. F. (1989). How marital dissolution affects children : Variations by age and sex. Developmental Psychology, 25(4), 540-549.
Amato, P. R., & Keith, B. (1991). Parental divorce and the well-being of children: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 110(1), 26-46.
Aseltine, R. H. Jr. (1993). The impact of parental divorce on adolescents(divorce). Dissertation Abstracts International, 53(10), 3686A. (University Microfilms No. AAC 93-03685)
Camara, K. A., & Resnick, G. (1988). Inte中arental conflict and cooperation: Factors moderating children’s post-divorce adjustment. In E. M. Hetherington & J. D. Arasteh(EDs.), Impact of divorce, single parenting, and stepparenting on children(PP. 169-195). Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Causey, V . (1994 ). Factors related to academic performance of black, urban, male, middle school students from one-parent homes(black students, urban, education, boys.) Dissertation Abstracts International, 54(12) , 4403A.(UniversityMicrofilms No. AAC 94-14774)
Dichter, B. L., & Jolie, R.N. (1996) .The association between parental marital status, ego development, and level of depression in adolescents. Dissertation Abstrαcts International, 57(04), 2904B. (University Microfilms No. AAC 96-25397)
Downey, D. B., & Powell, B. (1993). Do children in single-parent households fare better living with same-sex parents? Journal of Marriage and the Family, 55 55-70.
Dunlop, R., & Burns, A. (1995). The sleeper effect-Myth or reality? Journal of Marriage and the Family, 57, 375-386.
Enos, D. M., & Handal, P. J. (1986). The relation of parental marital status and perceived family conflict to adjustment in white adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54(6), 820-824.
Featherstone, D. R., Cundick, B . P., & Jensen, L. C. (1992). Di叮erences in school behavior and achievement between children from intact, reconstituted, and single-parent families. Adolescence, 27(105), 1-12.
Fitzpatrick, P. L. (1994). A comparison of student performance of adolescents from one-and two-parent families (one parent families). Dissertation Abstracts International, 55(02), l 85A. (University Microfilms No. AAC94-18159)
Green, J. A. W. (1995). Self-esteem associated with coping behaviors of adolescents in divorced/single parent families with implications for school counselors (Doctoral dissertation, Kent State University, 1995). Dissertation Abstrαcts International, 56(07), 2564A.
Guidubaldi, J. (1988). Di仔erences in children’s divorce adjustment across grade level and gender: A report from the NASP-KENT state nationwide project. In S. A. Wolchik & P. Karoly (EDs.), Children of divorce: Empirical pe叮pectives on adjustment (PP. 185- 231 ). New York: Gardner Press, Inc.
Hetherington, E. M. (1988). Parents, children and sibilings six years after divorce. InR. Hinde & J. Stevenson (Eds.), Relationships within families (pp. 311-331). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Hetherington, E. M. ( 1989). Coping with family transition: Winner, Loser, and Survivors. Child Development, 60, 1-14.
Hetherington, E. M., & Clingempeel, W. G. (1992). Coping with marital transitons: A family systems perspective. Monogrphs of the Society for Rearch in Child Development(Serial NO .227 ,57 ,N os.2-3 ).
Hycner, R. H. (1985). Some guidelines for the phenomenological analysis of interview data. Human Studies, 8, 279-303.
Kurdek, L.A. (1988). Cognitive mediators of children’s adjustment to divorce. In S. A. Wolchik & P. Karoly(EDs. ), Children of divorce: Empirical perspectives on adjustment(PP. 233-264). New York: Gardner Press, Inc.
Maizel, D. L. (1993). Attribution style, depressive symptomatology and patterns of behavior of Puerto Rican adolescents from single or dual parent families( single parent families). Dissertation Abstracts International, 53( 12), 6536A. (University Microfilms No. AAC 93-00155)
Mcbride, S. G. (1991 ). Comparison of the psychological adjustment of the eldest adolescent in single-parent father, single-parent mother, and two-parent intact families(single parent). Dissertation Abstracts International, 52(04), 2306A. (University Microfilms No. AAC 91-25978)
McCurdy, S. J., & Scherman, A. (1996). Effects of family structure on the adolescent separation-individuation process. Adolescence, 31 (122), 307-319.
Nelson, W. L., Huges, H. M., Handal, P., Katz, B., & Searight, H. R. (1993). The relationship of family conflict to adjustment in young adult college students. Adolescence, 28(109), 29-40.
Nunn, G. D., Parish, T. S., & Worthing, P. J. (1983). Perceptions of personal and familial adjustment by children from single-parent, and reconstituted families. Psychology in the schools, 20, 166-174.
Peterson, J. L., & Zill, N. (1986). Marital disruption, parent-child relationship, and behavior problems in children. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 48, 295-307.
Rickel , A. V., & Langner, T. S. (1985). Short-and long-term effects of marital disruption on children. American Journal of Community Psychology, 13(5), 599-611.
Silitsky, D. (1995). Correlates of psychosocial adjustment in adolescents from divorce families . Dissertation Abstracts International, 56(02), 1122A. (University Microfilms No. AAC 95-19648)
Simmons, R. G., & Zhot, Y. (1994 ). Racial, School and family context among adolescents. In R. K. Silbereisen & E. Todt(Eds. ), Adolescence in context-The interplay of Family, school, peers, αnd work in adjustment. (PP. 149-175). New York: Springer-Verlag, Inc.
Steinberg, L. (1993) . Adolescence(3rd ed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Steinberg, L., & Darling, N. (1994) . The broader context of social influence in adolescence. In R. K. Silbereisen & E. Todt(Eds. ), Adolescence in context-The interplay of Family, school, peers, and work in adjustment. (PP.25-45). New York: Springer-Verlag, Inc.
Zill, N. (1988). Behavior, achievement, and health problems among children in stepfamilies: Findings from a national survey of child health. In E. M. Hetherington & J. D. Arasteh(EDs. ), Impact of divorce, single parenting, αnd stepparenting on children(PP. 325-368). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erl baumAssoci ates.
Zill, N., Morrison, D. R., & Coiro, M. J. ( 1993). Long-term effects of parental divorce on parent-child relationships, adjustment, and achievement in young adulthood. Journal of family psychology, 7(1), 91-103.

Download
Download