53-5 A Review Study of Counseling Ethics Research between 1986 - 2017 in Taiwan
| Li-Chu Hung | |
| National Taipei University of Education |
There were 51 studies on counselling ethics in Taiwan from 1986 to 2017. Descriptive statistic was used to analyze the number of research papers, research methods, research topics and development trends, and analyze the research results of each paper. The results indicate: (1) The number of counselling ethics researches in Taiwan showedan increasing trend. The number of papers in 2011-2017 accounted for 58.8% of the total number of papers. Master's and Doctoral thesis accounted for 64.7% of the total research volume. The advisor of thesis and the authors of journal focused on specific scholars. The counseling ethics research of Taiwan began with the discussion of the ethical judgment of the school counselors. However, the proportion of papers with the school counselors gradually decreased. (2) Research methods were mostly qualitative research and the numbers of quantitative studies was less than the qualitative studies. Very few studies were mixed designs. There was only one qualitative study in 1997. The number of qualitative studies in 2001-2010 is more than quantitative research. Qualitative research in 2011-2017 accounted for 73.3% of the numbers of papers in the same period. (3) Most of the studies targeted at "ethical cognition and ethical behavior", followed by the studies of "ethical dilemmas and coping" and "experiences in dealing with ethical issues", and then followed by "ethical thinking and decisionmaking". The studies of "ethical practice " and "ethical education" were the least. From 1986 to 2000, research topics focused on "ethical cognition and ethical behavior". After 2001, the studies of "ethical dilemmas and coping", " experiences in dealing with ethical issues " and "ethical thinking and decision-making" has increased significantly. The studies of Taiwan's counseling ethics, which accounted for 33.3% of research on specific ethical issues. The remaining research topics were divided into two categories: (a) The overall discussion of the ethical cognition and ethical behavior of practitioners; (b) The ethical issues involved in some practical situation or specific form of service. (4) Analysis of the results of the researches revealed several important phenomena: (a) There were different results about ethical judgments and ethical beliefs. (b) There were inconsistencies between ethical cognition and ethical behavior. (c) Practitioners took into account multiple contexts, took into account the needs of multiple parties, and developed strategies that respond flexibly when they faced with ethical issues. (d) Practitioners reflected on the applicability and limitations of the ethical code, and paid more attention to the core spirit of professional ethics and counseling. They believed that the process of dealing with ethical issues required continuous dialogue and evaluation. Based on research results, six suggestions for the future development of Taiwan’s counseling ethics researches were proposed: (1) The research and publication of Taiwan's counseling ethics requires more researchers to invest. (2) The ethical issues and ethical practical experience faced by school counselors need to continue to pay attention. (3) Both qualitative and quantitative research have their own contributions and limitations. The research method of counseling ethics should be combined with the advantages of qualitative research and quantitative research to balance development. (4) On the research topic, more studies focused and in-depth exploring can be made on specific ethical issues involved in specific practical situations and diverse service forms. (5) The content and connotation of professional ethics education curriculum and support program needs to be expanded, taking into account the professional ethics and individual cultivation. Researchers actively develop diverse professional ethics education courses and ethical support programs, and explore their effectiveness. (6) Researchers collaborate with practitioners to conduct situational research. Researchers depict the ethical practical experience of Taiwanese practitioners in-depth and develop ethical decision and practice models with a cultural perspective.
Keywords
Counseling ethics, counseling ethics research, integration study, review study, school counselor.
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